python-telegram-bot/README.rst

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.. image:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/python-telegram-bot/logos/master/logo-text/png/ptb-logo-text_768.png
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:align: center
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:target: https://python-telegram-bot.org
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:alt: python-telegram-bot Logo
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.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/python-telegram-bot.svg
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:target: https://pypi.org/project/python-telegram-bot/
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:alt: PyPi Package Version
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.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/python-telegram-bot.svg
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:target: https://pypi.org/project/python-telegram-bot/
:alt: Supported Python versions
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.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/Bot%20API-8.1-blue?logo=telegram
:target: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api-changelog
:alt: Supported Bot API version
.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/dm/python-telegram-bot
:target: https://pypistats.org/packages/python-telegram-bot
:alt: PyPi Package Monthly Download
Doc Fixes (#2253) * Render-fixes for BP * docs: fix simple typo, submition -> submission (#2260) There is a small typo in tests/test_bot.py. Should read `submission` rather than `submition`. * Type on rawapibot.py docstring * typo * Typo: Filters.document(s) * Typo fix * Doc fix for messageentity (#2311) * Add New Shortcuts to Chat (#2291) * Add shortcuts * Add a note * Add run_async Parameter to ConversationHandler (#2292) * Add run_async parameter * Update docstring * Update test to explicitly specify parameter * Fix test job queue * Add version added tag to docs * Update docstring Co-authored-by: Poolitzer <25934244+Poolitzer@users.noreply.github.com> * Doc nitpicking Co-authored-by: Poolitzer <25934244+Poolitzer@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Hinrich Mahler <hinrich.mahler@freenet.de> * Fix rendering in messageentity Co-authored-by: Bibo-Joshi <hinrich.mahler@freenet.de> Co-authored-by: zeshuaro <joshuaystang@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Poolitzer <25934244+Poolitzer@users.noreply.github.com> * fix: type hints for TelegramError changed :class:`telegram.TelegramError` to :class:`telegram.error.TelegramError` * fix: the error can be more then just a Telegram error * Doc fix for inlinekeyboardbutton.py added missing colon which broke rendering * fix: remove context argument and doc remark look at us already being in post 12 * use rtd badge * filters doc fixes * fix some rendering * Doc & Rendering fixes for helpers.py Co-authored-by: Tim Gates <tim.gates@iress.com> Co-authored-by: Harshil <37377066+harshil21@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: zeshuaro <joshuaystang@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Poolitzer <25934244+Poolitzer@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Harshil <ilovebhagwan@gmail.com>
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.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/python-telegram-bot/badge/?version=stable
:target: https://docs.python-telegram-bot.org/en/stable/
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:alt: Documentation Status
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.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/l/python-telegram-bot.svg
:target: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.html
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:alt: LGPLv3 License
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.. image:: https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/actions/workflows/unit_tests.yml/badge.svg?branch=master
:target: https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/
:alt: Github Actions workflow
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.. image:: https://codecov.io/gh/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/branch/master/graph/badge.svg
:target: https://app.codecov.io/gh/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot
:alt: Code coverage
.. image:: https://isitmaintained.com/badge/resolution/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot.svg
:target: https://isitmaintained.com/project/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot
:alt: Median time to resolve an issue
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.. image:: https://api.codacy.com/project/badge/Grade/99d901eaa09b44b4819aec05c330c968
:target: https://app.codacy.com/gh/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/dashboard
:alt: Code quality: Codacy
.. image:: https://results.pre-commit.ci/badge/github/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/master.svg
:target: https://results.pre-commit.ci/latest/github/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/master
:alt: pre-commit.ci status
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.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg
:target: https://github.com/psf/black
:alt: Code Style: Black
.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/Telegram-Channel-blue.svg?logo=telegram
:target: https://t.me/pythontelegrambotchannel
:alt: Telegram Channel
.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/Telegram-Group-blue.svg?logo=telegram
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:target: https://telegram.me/pythontelegrambotgroup
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:alt: Telegram Group
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We have made you a wrapper you can't refuse
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We have a vibrant community of developers helping each other in our `Telegram group <https://telegram.me/pythontelegrambotgroup>`_. Join us!
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*Stay tuned for library updates and new releases on our* `Telegram Channel <https://telegram.me/pythontelegrambotchannel>`_.
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Introduction
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------------
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This library provides a pure Python, asynchronous interface for the
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`Telegram Bot API <https://core.telegram.org/bots/api>`_.
It's compatible with Python versions **3.9+**.
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In addition to the pure API implementation, this library features several convenience methods and shortcuts as well as a number of high-level classes to
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make the development of bots easy and straightforward. These classes are contained in the
``telegram.ext`` submodule.
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After installing_ the library, be sure to check out the section on `working with PTB`_.
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Telegram API support
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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All types and methods of the Telegram Bot API **8.1** are natively supported by this library.
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In addition, Bot API functionality not yet natively included can still be used as described `in our wiki <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/wiki/Bot-API-Forward-Compatibility>`_.
Notable Features
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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- `Fully asynchronous <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/wiki/Concurrency>`_
- Convenient shortcut methods, e.g. `Message.reply_text <https://docs.python-telegram-bot.org/en/stable/telegram.message.html#telegram.Message.reply_text>`_
- `Fully annotated with static type hints <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/wiki/Type-Checking>`_
- `Customizable and extendable interface <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/wiki/Architecture>`_
- Seamless integration with `webhooks <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/wiki/Webhooks>`_ and `polling <https://docs.python-telegram-bot.org/en/stable/telegram.ext.application.html#telegram.ext.Application.run_polling>`_
- `Comprehensive documentation and examples <#working-with-ptb>`_
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Installing
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----------
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You can install or upgrade ``python-telegram-bot`` via
.. code:: shell
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$ pip install python-telegram-bot --upgrade
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To install a pre-release, use the ``--pre`` `flag <https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/cli/pip_install/#cmdoption-pre>`_ in addition.
You can also install ``python-telegram-bot`` from source, though this is usually not necessary.
.. code:: shell
$ git clone https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot
$ cd python-telegram-bot
$ pip install build
$ python -m build
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Verifying Releases
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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To enable you to verify that a release file that you downloaded was indeed provided by the ``python-telegram-bot`` team, we have taken the following measures.
Starting with v21.4, all releases are signed via `sigstore <https://www.sigstore.dev>`_.
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The corresponding signature files are uploaded to the `GitHub releases page`_.
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To verify the signature, please install the `sigstore Python client <https://pypi.org/project/sigstore/>`_ and follow the instructions for `verifying signatures from GitHub Actions <https://github.com/sigstore/sigstore-python?tab=readme-ov-file>`_. As input for the ``--repository`` parameter, please use the value ``python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot``.
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Earlier releases are signed with a GPG key.
The signatures are uploaded to both the `GitHub releases page`_ and the `PyPI project <https://pypi.org/project/python-telegram-bot/>`_ and end with a suffix ``.asc``.
Please find the public keys `here <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/tree/master/public_keys>`_.
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The keys are named in the format ``<first_version>-<last_version>.gpg``.
In addition, the GitHub release page also contains the sha1 hashes of the release files in the files with the suffix ``.sha1``.
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Dependencies & Their Versions
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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``python-telegram-bot`` tries to use as few 3rd party dependencies as possible.
However, for some features using a 3rd party library is more sane than implementing the functionality again.
As these features are *optional*, the corresponding 3rd party dependencies are not installed by default.
Instead, they are listed as optional dependencies.
This allows to avoid unnecessary dependency conflicts for users who don't need the optional features.
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The only required dependency is `httpx ~= 0.27 <https://www.python-httpx.org>`_ for
``telegram.request.HTTPXRequest``, the default networking backend.
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``python-telegram-bot`` is most useful when used along with additional libraries.
To minimize dependency conflicts, we try to be liberal in terms of version requirements on the (optional) dependencies.
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On the other hand, we have to ensure stability of ``python-telegram-bot``, which is why we do apply version bounds.
If you encounter dependency conflicts due to these bounds, feel free to reach out.
Optional Dependencies
#####################
PTB can be installed with optional dependencies:
* ``pip install "python-telegram-bot[passport]"`` installs the `cryptography>=39.0.1 <https://cryptography.io/en/stable>`_ library. Use this, if you want to use Telegram Passport related functionality.
* ``pip install "python-telegram-bot[socks]"`` installs `httpx[socks] <https://www.python-httpx.org/#dependencies>`_. Use this, if you want to work behind a Socks5 server.
* ``pip install "python-telegram-bot[http2]"`` installs `httpx[http2] <https://www.python-httpx.org/#dependencies>`_. Use this, if you want to use HTTP/2.
* ``pip install "python-telegram-bot[rate-limiter]"`` installs `aiolimiter~=1.1.0 <https://aiolimiter.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`_. Use this, if you want to use ``telegram.ext.AIORateLimiter``.
* ``pip install "python-telegram-bot[webhooks]"`` installs the `tornado~=6.4 <https://www.tornadoweb.org/en/stable/>`_ library. Use this, if you want to use ``telegram.ext.Updater.start_webhook``/``telegram.ext.Application.run_webhook``.
* ``pip install "python-telegram-bot[callback-data]"`` installs the `cachetools>=5.3.3,<5.6.0 <https://cachetools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_ library. Use this, if you want to use `arbitrary callback_data <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/wiki/Arbitrary-callback_data>`_.
* ``pip install "python-telegram-bot[job-queue]"`` installs the `APScheduler~=3.10.4 <https://apscheduler.readthedocs.io/en/3.x/>`_ library and enforces `pytz>=2018.6 <https://pypi.org/project/pytz/>`_, where ``pytz`` is a dependency of ``APScheduler``. Use this, if you want to use the ``telegram.ext.JobQueue``.
To install multiple optional dependencies, separate them by commas, e.g. ``pip install "python-telegram-bot[socks,webhooks]"``.
Additionally, two shortcuts are provided:
* ``pip install "python-telegram-bot[all]"`` installs all optional dependencies.
* ``pip install "python-telegram-bot[ext]"`` installs all optional dependencies that are related to ``telegram.ext``, i.e. ``[rate-limiter, webhooks, callback-data, job-queue]``.
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Working with PTB
----------------
Once you have installed the library, you can begin working with it - so let's get started!
Quick Start
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~~~~~~~~~~~
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Our Wiki contains an `Introduction to the API <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/wiki/Introduction-to-the-API>`_ explaining how the pure Bot API can be accessed via ``python-telegram-bot``.
Moreover, the `Tutorial: Your first Bot <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/wiki/Extensions---Your-first-Bot>`_ gives an introduction on how chatbots can be easily programmed with the help of the ``telegram.ext`` module.
Resources
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~~~~~~~~~
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- The `package documentation <https://docs.python-telegram-bot.org/>`_ is the technical reference for ``python-telegram-bot``.
It contains descriptions of all available classes, modules, methods and arguments as well as the `changelog <https://docs.python-telegram-bot.org/changelog.html>`_.
- The `wiki <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/wiki/>`_ is home to number of more elaborate introductions of the different features of ``python-telegram-bot`` and other useful resources that go beyond the technical documentation.
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- Our `examples section <https://docs.python-telegram-bot.org/examples.html>`_ contains several examples that showcase the different features of both the Bot API and ``python-telegram-bot``.
Even if it is not your approach for learning, please take a look at ``echobot.py``. It is the de facto base for most of the bots out there.
The code for these examples is released to the public domain, so you can start by grabbing the code and building on top of it.
- The `official Telegram Bot API documentation <https://core.telegram.org/bots/api>`_ is of course always worth a read.
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Getting help
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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If the resources mentioned above don't answer your questions or simply overwhelm you, there are several ways of getting help.
1. We have a vibrant community of developers helping each other in our `Telegram group <https://telegram.me/pythontelegrambotgroup>`_. Join us! Asking a question here is often the quickest way to get a pointer in the right direction.
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2. Ask questions by opening `a discussion <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/discussions/new>`_.
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3. You can even ask for help on Stack Overflow using the `python-telegram-bot tag <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/python-telegram-bot>`_.
Documentation Improvements (#2008) * Minor doc updates, following official API docs * Fix spelling in Defaults docstrings * Clarify Changelog of v12.7 about aware dates * Fix typo in CHANGES.rst (#2024) * Fix PicklePersistence.flush() with only bot_data (#2017) * Update pylint in pre-commit to fix CI (#2018) * Add Filters.via_bot (#2009) * feat: via_bot filter also fixing a small mistake in the empty parameter of the user filter and improve docs slightly * fix: forgot to set via_bot to None * fix: redoing subclassing to copy paste solution * Cosmetic changes Co-authored-by: Hinrich Mahler <hinrich.mahler@freenet.de> * Update CHANGES.rst Fixed Typo Co-authored-by: Bibo-Joshi <hinrich.mahler@freenet.de> Co-authored-by: Poolitzer <25934244+Poolitzer@users.noreply.github.com> * Update downloads badge, add info on IRC Channel to Getting Help section * Remove RegexHandler from ConversationHandlers Docs (#1973) Replaced RegexHandler with MessageHandler, since the former is deprecated * Fix Filters.via_bot docstrings * Add notes on Markdown v1 being legacy mode * Fixed typo in the Regex doc.. (#2036) * Typo: Spelling * Minor cleanup from #2043 * Document CommandHandler ignoring channel posts * Doc fixes for a few telegram.ext classes * Doc fixes for most `telegram` classes. * pep-8 forgot the hard wrap is at 99 chars, not 100! fixed a few spelling mistakes too. * Address review and made rendering of booleans consistent True, False, None are now rendered with ``bool`` wherever they weren't in telegram and telegram.ext classes. * Few doc fixes for inline* classes As usual, docs were cross-checked with official tg api docs. * Doc fixes for telegram/files classes As usual, docs were cross-checked with official tg api docs. * Doc fixes for telegram.Game Mostly just added hyperlinks. And fixed message length doc. As usual, docs were cross-checked with official tg api docs. * Very minor doc fix for passportfile.py and passportelementerrors.py Didn't bother changing too much since this seems to be a custom implementation. * Doc fixes for telegram.payments As usual, cross-checked with official bot api docs. * Address review 2 Few tiny other fixes too. * Changed from ``True/False/None`` to :obj:`True/False/None` project-wide. Few tiny other doc fixes too. Co-authored-by: Robert Geislinger <mitachundkrach@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Poolitzer <25934244+Poolitzer@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: GauthamramRavichandran <30320759+GauthamramRavichandran@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Mahesh19 <maheshvagicherla99438@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: hoppingturtles <ilovebhagwan@gmail.com>
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Concurrency
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~~~~~~~~~~~
Since v20.0, ``python-telegram-bot`` is built on top of Pythons ``asyncio`` module.
Because ``asyncio`` is in general single-threaded, ``python-telegram-bot`` does currently not aim to be thread-safe.
Noteworthy parts of ``python-telegram-bots`` API that are likely to cause issues (e.g. race conditions) when used in a multi-threaded setting include:
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* ``telegram.ext.Application/Updater.update_queue``
* ``telegram.ext.ConversationHandler.check/handle_update``
* ``telegram.ext.CallbackDataCache``
* ``telegram.ext.BasePersistence``
* all classes in the ``telegram.ext.filters`` module that allow to add/remove allowed users/chats at runtime
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Contributing
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------------
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Contributions of all sizes are welcome.
Please review our `contribution guidelines <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/blob/master/.github/CONTRIBUTING.rst>`_ to get started.
You can also help by `reporting bugs or feature requests <https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/issues/new/choose>`_.
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Donating
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--------
Occasionally we are asked if we accept donations to support the development.
While we appreciate the thought, maintaining PTB is our hobby, and we have almost no running costs for it. We therefore have nothing set up to accept donations.
If you still want to donate, we kindly ask you to donate to another open source project/initiative of your choice instead.
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License
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-------
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You may copy, distribute and modify the software provided that modifications are described and licensed for free under `LGPL-3 <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.html>`_.
Derivative works (including modifications or anything statically linked to the library) can only be redistributed under LGPL-3, but applications that use the library don't have to be.
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.. _`GitHub releases page`: https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/releases