python-telegram-bot/tests/test_sticker.py
2022-05-06 18:19:14 +02:00

745 lines
27 KiB
Python

#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# A library that provides a Python interface to the Telegram Bot API
# Copyright (C) 2015-2022
# Leandro Toledo de Souza <devs@python-telegram-bot.org>
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU Lesser Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser Public License
# along with this program. If not, see [http://www.gnu.org/licenses/].
import os
from pathlib import Path
from time import sleep
import pytest
from flaky import flaky
from telegram import Sticker, PhotoSize, StickerSet, Audio, MaskPosition, Bot
from telegram.error import BadRequest, TelegramError
from tests.conftest import (
check_shortcut_call,
check_shortcut_signature,
check_defaults_handling,
data_file,
)
@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def sticker_file():
with data_file('telegram.webp').open('rb') as file:
yield file
@pytest.fixture(scope='class')
def sticker(bot, chat_id):
with data_file('telegram.webp').open('rb') as f:
return bot.send_sticker(chat_id, sticker=f, timeout=50).sticker
@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def animated_sticker_file():
with data_file('telegram_animated_sticker.tgs').open('rb') as f:
yield f
@pytest.fixture(scope='class')
def animated_sticker(bot, chat_id):
with data_file('telegram_animated_sticker.tgs').open('rb') as f:
return bot.send_sticker(chat_id, sticker=f, timeout=50).sticker
@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def video_sticker_file():
with Path('tests/data/telegram_video_sticker.webm').open('rb') as f:
yield f
@pytest.fixture(scope='class')
def video_sticker(bot, chat_id):
with Path('tests/data/telegram_video_sticker.webm').open('rb') as f:
return bot.send_sticker(chat_id, sticker=f, timeout=50).sticker
class TestSticker:
# sticker_file_url = 'https://python-telegram-bot.org/static/testfiles/telegram.webp'
# Serving sticker from gh since our server sends wrong content_type
sticker_file_url = (
'https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/blob/master'
'/tests/data/telegram.webp?raw=true'
)
emoji = '💪'
width = 510
height = 512
is_animated = False
is_video = False
file_size = 39518
thumb_width = 319
thumb_height = 320
thumb_file_size = 21472
sticker_file_id = '5a3128a4d2a04750b5b58397f3b5e812'
sticker_file_unique_id = 'adc3145fd2e84d95b64d68eaa22aa33e'
def test_slot_behaviour(self, sticker, mro_slots, recwarn):
for attr in sticker.__slots__:
assert getattr(sticker, attr, 'err') != 'err', f"got extra slot '{attr}'"
assert len(mro_slots(sticker)) == len(set(mro_slots(sticker))), "duplicate slot"
def test_creation(self, sticker):
# Make sure file has been uploaded.
assert isinstance(sticker, Sticker)
assert isinstance(sticker.file_id, str)
assert isinstance(sticker.file_unique_id, str)
assert sticker.file_id != ''
assert sticker.file_unique_id != ''
assert isinstance(sticker.thumb, PhotoSize)
assert isinstance(sticker.thumb.file_id, str)
assert isinstance(sticker.thumb.file_unique_id, str)
assert sticker.thumb.file_id != ''
assert sticker.thumb.file_unique_id != ''
def test_expected_values(self, sticker):
assert sticker.width == self.width
assert sticker.height == self.height
assert sticker.is_animated == self.is_animated
assert sticker.is_video == self.is_video
assert sticker.file_size == self.file_size
assert sticker.thumb.width == self.thumb_width
assert sticker.thumb.height == self.thumb_height
assert sticker.thumb.file_size == self.thumb_file_size
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_send_all_args(self, bot, chat_id, sticker_file, sticker):
message = bot.send_sticker(
chat_id, sticker=sticker_file, disable_notification=False, protect_content=True
)
assert isinstance(message.sticker, Sticker)
assert isinstance(message.sticker.file_id, str)
assert isinstance(message.sticker.file_unique_id, str)
assert message.sticker.file_id != ''
assert message.sticker.file_unique_id != ''
assert message.sticker.width == sticker.width
assert message.sticker.height == sticker.height
assert message.sticker.is_animated == sticker.is_animated
assert message.sticker.is_video == sticker.is_video
assert message.sticker.file_size == sticker.file_size
assert isinstance(message.sticker.thumb, PhotoSize)
assert isinstance(message.sticker.thumb.file_id, str)
assert isinstance(message.sticker.thumb.file_unique_id, str)
assert message.sticker.thumb.file_id != ''
assert message.sticker.thumb.file_unique_id != ''
assert message.sticker.thumb.width == sticker.thumb.width
assert message.sticker.thumb.height == sticker.thumb.height
assert message.sticker.thumb.file_size == sticker.thumb.file_size
assert message.has_protected_content
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_get_and_download(self, bot, sticker):
new_file = bot.get_file(sticker.file_id)
assert new_file.file_size == sticker.file_size
assert new_file.file_id == sticker.file_id
assert new_file.file_unique_id == sticker.file_unique_id
assert new_file.file_path.startswith('https://')
new_file.download('telegram.webp')
assert Path('telegram.webp').is_file()
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_resend(self, bot, chat_id, sticker):
message = bot.send_sticker(chat_id=chat_id, sticker=sticker.file_id)
assert message.sticker == sticker
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_send_on_server_emoji(self, bot, chat_id):
server_file_id = 'CAADAQADHAADyIsGAAFZfq1bphjqlgI'
message = bot.send_sticker(chat_id=chat_id, sticker=server_file_id)
sticker = message.sticker
assert sticker.emoji == self.emoji
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_send_from_url(self, bot, chat_id):
message = bot.send_sticker(chat_id=chat_id, sticker=self.sticker_file_url)
sticker = message.sticker
assert isinstance(message.sticker, Sticker)
assert isinstance(message.sticker.file_id, str)
assert isinstance(message.sticker.file_unique_id, str)
assert message.sticker.file_id != ''
assert message.sticker.file_unique_id != ''
assert message.sticker.width == sticker.width
assert message.sticker.height == sticker.height
assert message.sticker.is_animated == sticker.is_animated
assert message.sticker.is_video == sticker.is_video
assert message.sticker.file_size == sticker.file_size
assert isinstance(message.sticker.thumb, PhotoSize)
assert isinstance(message.sticker.thumb.file_id, str)
assert isinstance(message.sticker.thumb.file_unique_id, str)
assert message.sticker.thumb.file_id != ''
assert message.sticker.thumb.file_unique_id != ''
assert message.sticker.thumb.width == sticker.thumb.width
assert message.sticker.thumb.height == sticker.thumb.height
assert message.sticker.thumb.file_size == sticker.thumb.file_size
def test_de_json(self, bot, sticker):
json_dict = {
'file_id': self.sticker_file_id,
'file_unique_id': self.sticker_file_unique_id,
'width': self.width,
'height': self.height,
'is_animated': self.is_animated,
'is_video': self.is_video,
'thumb': sticker.thumb.to_dict(),
'emoji': self.emoji,
'file_size': self.file_size,
}
json_sticker = Sticker.de_json(json_dict, bot)
assert json_sticker.file_id == self.sticker_file_id
assert json_sticker.file_unique_id == self.sticker_file_unique_id
assert json_sticker.width == self.width
assert json_sticker.height == self.height
assert json_sticker.is_animated == self.is_animated
assert json_sticker.is_video == self.is_video
assert json_sticker.emoji == self.emoji
assert json_sticker.file_size == self.file_size
assert json_sticker.thumb == sticker.thumb
def test_send_with_sticker(self, monkeypatch, bot, chat_id, sticker):
def test(url, data, **kwargs):
return data['sticker'] == sticker.file_id
monkeypatch.setattr(bot.request, 'post', test)
message = bot.send_sticker(sticker=sticker, chat_id=chat_id)
assert message
def test_send_sticker_local_files(self, monkeypatch, bot, chat_id):
# For just test that the correct paths are passed as we have no local bot API set up
test_flag = False
file = data_file('telegram.jpg')
expected = file.as_uri()
def make_assertion(_, data, *args, **kwargs):
nonlocal test_flag
test_flag = data.get('sticker') == expected
monkeypatch.setattr(bot, '_post', make_assertion)
bot.send_sticker(chat_id, file)
assert test_flag
monkeypatch.delattr(bot, '_post')
@flaky(3, 1)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'default_bot,custom',
[
({'allow_sending_without_reply': True}, None),
({'allow_sending_without_reply': False}, None),
({'allow_sending_without_reply': False}, True),
],
indirect=['default_bot'],
)
def test_send_sticker_default_allow_sending_without_reply(
self, default_bot, chat_id, sticker, custom
):
reply_to_message = default_bot.send_message(chat_id, 'test')
reply_to_message.delete()
if custom is not None:
message = default_bot.send_sticker(
chat_id,
sticker,
allow_sending_without_reply=custom,
reply_to_message_id=reply_to_message.message_id,
)
assert message.reply_to_message is None
elif default_bot.defaults.allow_sending_without_reply:
message = default_bot.send_sticker(
chat_id, sticker, reply_to_message_id=reply_to_message.message_id
)
assert message.reply_to_message is None
else:
with pytest.raises(BadRequest, match='message not found'):
default_bot.send_sticker(
chat_id, sticker, reply_to_message_id=reply_to_message.message_id
)
@flaky(3, 1)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('default_bot', [{'protect_content': True}], indirect=True)
def test_send_sticker_default_protect_content(self, chat_id, sticker, default_bot):
protected = default_bot.send_sticker(chat_id, sticker)
assert protected.has_protected_content
unprotected = default_bot.send_sticker(chat_id, sticker, protect_content=False)
assert not unprotected.has_protected_content
def test_to_dict(self, sticker):
sticker_dict = sticker.to_dict()
assert isinstance(sticker_dict, dict)
assert sticker_dict['file_id'] == sticker.file_id
assert sticker_dict['file_unique_id'] == sticker.file_unique_id
assert sticker_dict['width'] == sticker.width
assert sticker_dict['height'] == sticker.height
assert sticker_dict['is_animated'] == sticker.is_animated
assert sticker_dict['is_video'] == sticker.is_video
assert sticker_dict['file_size'] == sticker.file_size
assert sticker_dict['thumb'] == sticker.thumb.to_dict()
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_error_send_empty_file(self, bot, chat_id):
with pytest.raises(TelegramError):
bot.send_sticker(chat_id, open(os.devnull, 'rb'))
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_error_send_empty_file_id(self, bot, chat_id):
with pytest.raises(TelegramError):
bot.send_sticker(chat_id, '')
def test_error_without_required_args(self, bot, chat_id):
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
bot.send_sticker(chat_id)
def test_equality(self, sticker):
a = Sticker(
sticker.file_id,
sticker.file_unique_id,
self.width,
self.height,
self.is_animated,
self.is_video,
)
b = Sticker(
'', sticker.file_unique_id, self.width, self.height, self.is_animated, self.is_video
)
c = Sticker(sticker.file_id, sticker.file_unique_id, 0, 0, False, True)
d = Sticker('', '', self.width, self.height, self.is_animated, self.is_video)
e = PhotoSize(
sticker.file_id, sticker.file_unique_id, self.width, self.height, self.is_animated
)
assert a == b
assert hash(a) == hash(b)
assert a is not b
assert a == c
assert hash(a) == hash(c)
assert a != d
assert hash(a) != hash(d)
assert a != e
assert hash(a) != hash(e)
@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def sticker_set(bot):
ss = bot.get_sticker_set(f'test_by_{bot.username}')
if len(ss.stickers) > 100:
try:
for i in range(1, 50):
bot.delete_sticker_from_set(ss.stickers[-i].file_id)
except BadRequest as e:
if e.message == 'Stickerset_not_modified':
return ss
raise Exception('stickerset is growing too large.')
return ss
@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def animated_sticker_set(bot):
ss = bot.get_sticker_set(f'animated_test_by_{bot.username}')
if len(ss.stickers) > 100:
try:
for i in range(1, 50):
bot.delete_sticker_from_set(ss.stickers[-i].file_id)
except BadRequest as e:
if e.message == 'Stickerset_not_modified':
return ss
raise Exception('stickerset is growing too large.')
return ss
@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def video_sticker_set(bot):
ss = bot.get_sticker_set(f'video_test_by_{bot.username}')
if len(ss.stickers) > 100:
try:
for i in range(1, 50):
bot.delete_sticker_from_set(ss.stickers[-i].file_id)
except BadRequest as e:
if e.message == 'Stickerset_not_modified':
return ss
raise Exception('stickerset is growing too large.')
return ss
@pytest.fixture(scope='function')
def sticker_set_thumb_file():
with data_file('sticker_set_thumb.png').open('rb') as file:
yield file
class TestStickerSet:
title = 'Test stickers'
is_animated = True
is_video = True
contains_masks = False
stickers = [Sticker('file_id', 'file_un_id', 512, 512, True, True)]
name = 'NOTAREALNAME'
def test_de_json(self, bot, sticker):
name = f'test_by_{bot.username}'
json_dict = {
'name': name,
'title': self.title,
'is_animated': self.is_animated,
'is_video': self.is_video,
'contains_masks': self.contains_masks,
'stickers': [x.to_dict() for x in self.stickers],
'thumb': sticker.thumb.to_dict(),
}
sticker_set = StickerSet.de_json(json_dict, bot)
assert sticker_set.name == name
assert sticker_set.title == self.title
assert sticker_set.is_animated == self.is_animated
assert sticker_set.is_video == self.is_video
assert sticker_set.contains_masks == self.contains_masks
assert sticker_set.stickers == self.stickers
assert sticker_set.thumb == sticker.thumb
def test_create_sticker_set(
self, bot, chat_id, sticker_file, animated_sticker_file, video_sticker_file
):
"""Creates the sticker set (if needed) which is required for tests. Make sure that this
test comes before the tests that actually use the sticker sets!
"""
test_by = f"test_by_{bot.username}"
for sticker_set in [test_by, f'animated_{test_by}', f'video_{test_by}']:
try:
bot.get_sticker_set(sticker_set)
except BadRequest as e:
if not e.message == "Stickerset_invalid":
raise e
if sticker_set.startswith(test_by):
s = bot.create_new_sticker_set(
chat_id,
name=sticker_set,
title="Sticker Test",
png_sticker=sticker_file,
emojis='😄',
)
assert s
elif sticker_set.startswith("animated"):
a = bot.create_new_sticker_set(
chat_id,
name=sticker_set,
title="Animated Test",
tgs_sticker=animated_sticker_file,
emojis='😄',
)
assert a
elif sticker_set.startswith("video"):
v = bot.create_new_sticker_set(
chat_id,
name=sticker_set,
title="Video Test",
webm_sticker=video_sticker_file,
emojis='🤔',
)
assert v
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_bot_methods_1_png(self, bot, chat_id, sticker_file):
with data_file('telegram_sticker.png').open('rb') as f:
# chat_id was hardcoded as 95205500 but it stopped working for some reason
file = bot.upload_sticker_file(chat_id, f)
assert file
assert bot.add_sticker_to_set(
chat_id, f'test_by_{bot.username}', png_sticker=file.file_id, emojis='😄'
)
# Also test with file input and mask
assert bot.add_sticker_to_set(
chat_id,
f'test_by_{bot.username}',
png_sticker=sticker_file,
emojis='😄',
mask_position=MaskPosition(MaskPosition.EYES, -1, 1, 2),
)
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_bot_methods_1_tgs(self, bot, chat_id):
assert bot.add_sticker_to_set(
chat_id,
f'animated_test_by_{bot.username}',
tgs_sticker=data_file('telegram_animated_sticker.tgs').open('rb'),
emojis='😄',
)
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_bot_methods_1_webm(self, bot, chat_id):
with Path('tests/data/telegram_video_sticker.webm').open('rb') as f:
assert bot.add_sticker_to_set(
chat_id, f'video_test_by_{bot.username}', webm_sticker=f, emojis='🤔'
)
def test_sticker_set_to_dict(self, sticker_set):
sticker_set_dict = sticker_set.to_dict()
assert isinstance(sticker_set_dict, dict)
assert sticker_set_dict['name'] == sticker_set.name
assert sticker_set_dict['title'] == sticker_set.title
assert sticker_set_dict['is_animated'] == sticker_set.is_animated
assert sticker_set_dict['is_video'] == sticker_set.is_video
assert sticker_set_dict['contains_masks'] == sticker_set.contains_masks
assert sticker_set_dict['stickers'][0] == sticker_set.stickers[0].to_dict()
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_bot_methods_2_png(self, bot, sticker_set):
file_id = sticker_set.stickers[0].file_id
assert bot.set_sticker_position_in_set(file_id, 1)
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_bot_methods_2_tgs(self, bot, animated_sticker_set):
file_id = animated_sticker_set.stickers[0].file_id
assert bot.set_sticker_position_in_set(file_id, 1)
@flaky(3, 1)
def test_bot_methods_2_webm(self, bot, video_sticker_set):
file_id = video_sticker_set.stickers[0].file_id
assert bot.set_sticker_position_in_set(file_id, 1)
@flaky(10, 1)
def test_bot_methods_3_png(self, bot, chat_id, sticker_set_thumb_file):
sleep(1)
assert bot.set_sticker_set_thumb(
f'test_by_{bot.username}', chat_id, sticker_set_thumb_file
)
@flaky(10, 1)
def test_bot_methods_3_tgs(self, bot, chat_id, animated_sticker_file, animated_sticker_set):
sleep(1)
animated_test = f'animated_test_by_{bot.username}'
assert bot.set_sticker_set_thumb(animated_test, chat_id, animated_sticker_file)
file_id = animated_sticker_set.stickers[-1].file_id
# also test with file input and mask
assert bot.set_sticker_set_thumb(animated_test, chat_id, file_id)
# TODO: Try the below by creating a custom .webm and not by downloading another pack's thumb
@pytest.mark.skip(
"Skipped for now since Telegram throws a 'File is too big' error "
"regardless of the .webm file size."
)
def test_bot_methods_3_webm(self, bot, chat_id, video_sticker_file, video_sticker_set):
pass
@flaky(10, 1)
def test_bot_methods_4_png(self, bot, sticker_set):
sleep(1)
file_id = sticker_set.stickers[-1].file_id
assert bot.delete_sticker_from_set(file_id)
@flaky(10, 1)
def test_bot_methods_4_tgs(self, bot, animated_sticker_set):
sleep(1)
file_id = animated_sticker_set.stickers[-1].file_id
assert bot.delete_sticker_from_set(file_id)
@flaky(10, 1)
def test_bot_methods_4_webm(self, bot, video_sticker_set):
sleep(1)
file_id = video_sticker_set.stickers[-1].file_id
assert bot.delete_sticker_from_set(file_id)
def test_upload_sticker_file_local_files(self, monkeypatch, bot, chat_id):
# For just test that the correct paths are passed as we have no local bot API set up
test_flag = False
file = data_file('telegram.jpg')
expected = file.as_uri()
def make_assertion(_, data, *args, **kwargs):
nonlocal test_flag
test_flag = data.get('png_sticker') == expected
monkeypatch.setattr(bot, '_post', make_assertion)
bot.upload_sticker_file(chat_id, file)
assert test_flag
monkeypatch.delattr(bot, '_post')
def test_create_new_sticker_set_local_files(self, monkeypatch, bot, chat_id):
# For just test that the correct paths are passed as we have no local bot API set up
test_flag = False
file = data_file('telegram.jpg')
expected = file.as_uri()
def make_assertion(_, data, *args, **kwargs):
nonlocal test_flag
test_flag = (
data.get('png_sticker') == expected
and data.get('tgs_sticker') == expected
and data.get('webm_sticker') == expected
)
monkeypatch.setattr(bot, '_post', make_assertion)
bot.create_new_sticker_set(
chat_id,
'name',
'title',
'emoji',
png_sticker=file,
tgs_sticker=file,
webm_sticker=file,
)
assert test_flag
monkeypatch.delattr(bot, '_post')
def test_add_sticker_to_set_local_files(self, monkeypatch, bot, chat_id):
# For just test that the correct paths are passed as we have no local bot API set up
test_flag = False
file = data_file('telegram.jpg')
expected = file.as_uri()
def make_assertion(_, data, *args, **kwargs):
nonlocal test_flag
test_flag = data.get('png_sticker') == expected and data.get('tgs_sticker') == expected
monkeypatch.setattr(bot, '_post', make_assertion)
bot.add_sticker_to_set(chat_id, 'name', 'emoji', png_sticker=file, tgs_sticker=file)
assert test_flag
monkeypatch.delattr(bot, '_post')
def test_set_sticker_set_thumb_local_files(self, monkeypatch, bot, chat_id):
# For just test that the correct paths are passed as we have no local bot API set up
test_flag = False
file = data_file('telegram.jpg')
expected = file.as_uri()
def make_assertion(_, data, *args, **kwargs):
nonlocal test_flag
test_flag = data.get('thumb') == expected
monkeypatch.setattr(bot, '_post', make_assertion)
bot.set_sticker_set_thumb('name', chat_id, thumb=file)
assert test_flag
monkeypatch.delattr(bot, '_post')
def test_get_file_instance_method(self, monkeypatch, sticker):
def make_assertion(*_, **kwargs):
return kwargs['file_id'] == sticker.file_id
assert check_shortcut_signature(Sticker.get_file, Bot.get_file, ['file_id'], [])
assert check_shortcut_call(sticker.get_file, sticker.get_bot(), 'get_file')
assert check_defaults_handling(sticker.get_file, sticker.get_bot())
monkeypatch.setattr(sticker.get_bot(), 'get_file', make_assertion)
assert sticker.get_file()
def test_equality(self):
a = StickerSet(
self.name,
self.title,
self.is_animated,
self.contains_masks,
self.stickers,
self.is_video,
)
b = StickerSet(
self.name,
self.title,
self.is_animated,
self.contains_masks,
self.stickers,
self.is_video,
)
c = StickerSet(self.name, None, None, None, None, None)
d = StickerSet(
'blah', self.title, self.is_animated, self.contains_masks, self.stickers, self.is_video
)
e = Audio(self.name, '', 0, None, None)
assert a == b
assert hash(a) == hash(b)
assert a is not b
assert a == c
assert hash(a) == hash(c)
assert a != d
assert hash(a) != hash(d)
assert a != e
assert hash(a) != hash(e)
@pytest.fixture(scope='class')
def mask_position():
return MaskPosition(
TestMaskPosition.point,
TestMaskPosition.x_shift,
TestMaskPosition.y_shift,
TestMaskPosition.scale,
)
class TestMaskPosition:
point = MaskPosition.EYES
x_shift = -1
y_shift = 1
scale = 2
def test_mask_position_de_json(self, bot):
json_dict = {
'point': self.point,
'x_shift': self.x_shift,
'y_shift': self.y_shift,
'scale': self.scale,
}
mask_position = MaskPosition.de_json(json_dict, bot)
assert mask_position.point == self.point
assert mask_position.x_shift == self.x_shift
assert mask_position.y_shift == self.y_shift
assert mask_position.scale == self.scale
def test_mask_position_to_dict(self, mask_position):
mask_position_dict = mask_position.to_dict()
assert isinstance(mask_position_dict, dict)
assert mask_position_dict['point'] == mask_position.point
assert mask_position_dict['x_shift'] == mask_position.x_shift
assert mask_position_dict['y_shift'] == mask_position.y_shift
assert mask_position_dict['scale'] == mask_position.scale
def test_equality(self):
a = MaskPosition(self.point, self.x_shift, self.y_shift, self.scale)
b = MaskPosition(self.point, self.x_shift, self.y_shift, self.scale)
c = MaskPosition(MaskPosition.FOREHEAD, self.x_shift, self.y_shift, self.scale)
d = MaskPosition(self.point, 0, 0, self.scale)
e = Audio('', '', 0, None, None)
assert a == b
assert hash(a) == hash(b)
assert a is not b
assert a != c
assert hash(a) != hash(c)
assert a != d
assert hash(a) != hash(d)
assert a != e
assert hash(a) != hash(e)