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python-telegram-bot/telegram/ext/updater.py

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#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# A library that provides a Python interface to the Telegram Bot API
# Copyright (C) 2015-2017
# Leandro Toledo de Souza <devs@python-telegram-bot.org>
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU Lesser Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser Public License
# along with this program. If not, see [http://www.gnu.org/licenses/].
"""This module contains the class Updater, which tries to make creating Telegram bots intuitive."""
import logging
import os
import ssl
import warnings
from threading import Thread, Lock, current_thread, Event
from time import sleep
import subprocess
from signal import signal, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGABRT
from queue import Queue
from telegram import Bot, TelegramError
from telegram.ext import Dispatcher, JobQueue
from telegram.error import Unauthorized, InvalidToken, RetryAfter
from telegram.utils.request import Request
from telegram.utils.webhookhandler import (WebhookServer, WebhookHandler)
logging.getLogger(__name__).addHandler(logging.NullHandler())
class Updater(object):
"""
This class, which employs the :class:`telegram.ext.Dispatcher`, provides a frontend to
:class:`telegram.Bot` to the programmer, so they can focus on coding the bot. Its purpose is to
receive the updates from Telegram and to deliver them to said dispatcher. It also runs in a
separate thread, so the user can interact with the bot, for example on the command line. The
dispatcher supports handlers for different kinds of data: Updates from Telegram, basic text
commands and even arbitrary types. The updater can be started as a polling service or, for
production, use a webhook to receive updates. This is achieved using the WebhookServer and
WebhookHandler classes.
Attributes:
bot (:class:`telegram.Bot`): The bot used with this Updater.
user_sig_handler (:obj:`signal`): signals the updater will respond to.
update_queue (:obj:`Queue`): Queue for the updates.
job_queue (:class:`telegram.ext.JobQueue`): Jobqueue for the updater.
dispatcher (:class:`telegram.ext.Dispatcher`): Dispatcher that handles the updates and
dispatches them to the handlers.
running (:obj:`bool`): Indicates if the updater is running.
Args:
token (:obj:`str`, optional): The bot's token given by the @BotFather.
base_url (:obj:`str`, optional): Base_url for the bot.
workers (:obj:`int`, optional): Amount of threads in the thread pool for functions
decorated with ``@run_async``.
bot (:class:`telegram.Bot`, optional): A pre-initialized bot instance. If a pre-initialized
bot is used, it is the user's responsibility to create it using a `Request`
instance with a large enough connection pool.
user_sig_handler (:obj:`function`, optional): Takes ``signum, frame`` as positional
arguments. This will be called when a signal is received, defaults are (SIGINT,
SIGTERM, SIGABRT) setable with :attr:`idle`.
request_kwargs (:obj:`dict`, optional): Keyword args to control the creation of a
`telegram.utils.request.Request` object (ignored if `bot` argument is used). The
request_kwargs are very useful for the advanced users who would like to control the
default timeouts and/or control the proxy used for http communication.
Note:
You must supply either a :attr:`bot` or a :attr:`token` argument.
Raises:
ValueError: If both :attr:`token` and :attr:`bot` are passed or none of them.
"""
_request = None
def __init__(self,
token=None,
base_url=None,
workers=4,
bot=None,
user_sig_handler=None,
request_kwargs=None):
if (token is None) and (bot is None):
raise ValueError('`token` or `bot` must be passed')
if (token is not None) and (bot is not None):
raise ValueError('`token` and `bot` are mutually exclusive')
self.logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
con_pool_size = workers + 4
if bot is not None:
self.bot = bot
if bot.request.con_pool_size < con_pool_size:
self.logger.warning(
'Connection pool of Request object is smaller than optimal value (%s)',
con_pool_size)
else:
# we need a connection pool the size of:
# * for each of the workers
# * 1 for Dispatcher
# * 1 for polling Updater (even if webhook is used, we can spare a connection)
# * 1 for JobQueue
# * 1 for main thread
if request_kwargs is None:
request_kwargs = {}
if 'con_pool_size' not in request_kwargs:
request_kwargs['con_pool_size'] = con_pool_size
self._request = Request(**request_kwargs)
self.bot = Bot(token, base_url, request=self._request)
self.user_sig_handler = user_sig_handler
self.update_queue = Queue()
self.job_queue = JobQueue(self.bot)
self.__exception_event = Event()
self.dispatcher = Dispatcher(
self.bot,
self.update_queue,
job_queue=self.job_queue,
workers=workers,
exception_event=self.__exception_event)
self.last_update_id = 0
self.running = False
self.is_idle = False
self.httpd = None
self.__lock = Lock()
self.__threads = []
def _init_thread(self, target, name, *args, **kwargs):
thr = Thread(target=self._thread_wrapper, name=name, args=(target,) + args, kwargs=kwargs)
thr.start()
self.__threads.append(thr)
def _thread_wrapper(self, target, *args, **kwargs):
thr_name = current_thread().name
self.logger.debug('{0} - started'.format(thr_name))
try:
target(*args, **kwargs)
except Exception:
self.__exception_event.set()
self.logger.exception('unhandled exception')
raise
self.logger.debug('{0} - ended'.format(thr_name))
def start_polling(self,
poll_interval=0.0,
timeout=10,
network_delay=None,
clean=False,
bootstrap_retries=0,
read_latency=2.,
allowed_updates=None):
"""Starts polling updates from Telegram.
Args:
poll_interval (:obj:`float`, optional): Time to wait between polling updates from
Telegram in seconds. Default is 0.0.
timeout (:obj:`float`, optional): Passed to :attr:`telegram.Bot.get_updates`.
clean (:obj:`bool`, optional): Whether to clean any pending updates on Telegram servers
before actually starting to poll. Default is False.
bootstrap_retries (:obj:`int`, optional): Whether the bootstrapping phase of the
`Updater` will retry on failures on the Telegram server.
* < 0 - retry indefinitely
* 0 - no retries (default)
* > 0 - retry up to X times
allowed_updates (List[:obj:`str`], optional): Passed to
:attr:`telegram.Bot.get_updates`.
read_latency (:obj:`float` | :obj:`int`, optional): Grace time in seconds for receiving
the reply from server. Will be added to the `timeout` value and used as the read
timeout from server (Default: 2).
network_delay: Deprecated. Will be honoured as :attr:`read_latency` for a while but
will be removed in the future.
Returns:
:obj:`Queue`: The update queue that can be filled from the main thread.
"""
if network_delay is not None:
warnings.warn('network_delay is deprecated, use read_latency instead')
read_latency = network_delay
with self.__lock:
if not self.running:
self.running = True
# Create & start threads
self.job_queue.start()
self._init_thread(self.dispatcher.start, "dispatcher")
self._init_thread(self._start_polling, "updater", poll_interval, timeout,
read_latency, bootstrap_retries, clean, allowed_updates)
# Return the update queue so the main thread can insert updates
return self.update_queue
def start_webhook(self,
listen='127.0.0.1',
port=80,
url_path='',
cert=None,
key=None,
clean=False,
bootstrap_retries=0,
webhook_url=None,
allowed_updates=None):
"""
Starts a small http server to listen for updates via webhook. If cert
and key are not provided, the webhook will be started directly on
http://listen:port/url_path, so SSL can be handled by another
application. Else, the webhook will be started on
https://listen:port/url_path
Args:
listen (:obj:`str`, optional): IP-Address to listen on. Default ``127.0.0.1``.
port (:obj:`int`, optional): Port the bot should be listening on. Default ``80``.
url_path (:obj:`str`, optional): Path inside url.
cert (:obj:`str`, optional): Path to the SSL certificate file.
key (:obj:`str`, optional): Path to the SSL key file.
clean (:obj:`bool`, optional): Whether to clean any pending updates on Telegram servers
before actually starting the webhook. Default is ``False``.
bootstrap_retries (:obj:`int`, optional): Whether the bootstrapping phase of the
`Updater` will retry on failures on the Telegram server.
* < 0 - retry indefinitely
* 0 - no retries (default)
* > 0 - retry up to X times
webhook_url (:obj:`str`, optional): Explicitly specify the webhook url. Useful behind
NAT, reverse proxy, etc. Default is derived from `listen`, `port` & `url_path`.
allowed_updates (List[:obj:`str`], optional): Passed to
:attr:`telegram.Bot.set_webhook`.
Returns:
:obj:`Queue`: The update queue that can be filled from the main thread.
"""
with self.__lock:
if not self.running:
self.running = True
# Create & start threads
self.job_queue.start()
self._init_thread(self.dispatcher.start, "dispatcher"),
self._init_thread(self._start_webhook, "updater", listen, port, url_path, cert,
key, bootstrap_retries, clean, webhook_url, allowed_updates)
# Return the update queue so the main thread can insert updates
return self.update_queue
def _start_polling(self, poll_interval, timeout, read_latency, bootstrap_retries, clean,
allowed_updates): # pragma: no cover
# """
# Thread target of thread 'updater'. Runs in background, pulls
# updates from Telegram and inserts them in the update queue of the
# Dispatcher.
# """
cur_interval = poll_interval
self.logger.debug('Updater thread started')
self._bootstrap(bootstrap_retries, clean=clean, webhook_url='', allowed_updates=None)
while self.running:
try:
updates = self.bot.get_updates(
self.last_update_id,
timeout=timeout,
read_latency=read_latency,
allowed_updates=allowed_updates)
except RetryAfter as e:
self.logger.info(str(e))
cur_interval = 0.5 + e.retry_after
except TelegramError as te:
self.logger.error("Error while getting Updates: {0}".format(te))
# Put the error into the update queue and let the Dispatcher
# broadcast it
self.update_queue.put(te)
cur_interval = self._increase_poll_interval(cur_interval)
else:
if not self.running:
if len(updates) > 0:
self.logger.debug('Updates ignored and will be pulled '
'again on restart.')
break
if updates:
for update in updates:
self.update_queue.put(update)
self.last_update_id = updates[-1].update_id + 1
cur_interval = poll_interval
sleep(cur_interval)
@staticmethod
def _increase_poll_interval(current_interval):
# increase waiting times on subsequent errors up to 30secs
if current_interval == 0:
current_interval = 1
elif current_interval < 30:
current_interval += current_interval / 2
elif current_interval > 30:
current_interval = 30
return current_interval
def _start_webhook(self, listen, port, url_path, cert, key, bootstrap_retries, clean,
webhook_url, allowed_updates):
self.logger.debug('Updater thread started')
use_ssl = cert is not None and key is not None
if not url_path.startswith('/'):
url_path = '/{0}'.format(url_path)
# Create and start server
self.httpd = WebhookServer((listen, port), WebhookHandler, self.update_queue, url_path,
self.bot)
if use_ssl:
self._check_ssl_cert(cert, key)
# DO NOT CHANGE: Only set webhook if SSL is handled by library
if not webhook_url:
webhook_url = self._gen_webhook_url(listen, port, url_path)
self._bootstrap(
max_retries=bootstrap_retries,
clean=clean,
webhook_url=webhook_url,
cert=open(cert, 'rb'),
allowed_updates=allowed_updates)
elif clean:
self.logger.warning("cleaning updates is not supported if "
"SSL-termination happens elsewhere; skipping")
self.httpd.serve_forever(poll_interval=1)
def _check_ssl_cert(self, cert, key):
# Check SSL-Certificate with openssl, if possible
try:
exit_code = subprocess.call(
["openssl", "x509", "-text", "-noout", "-in", cert],
stdout=open(os.devnull, 'wb'),
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
except OSError:
exit_code = 0
if exit_code is 0:
try:
self.httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket(
self.httpd.socket, certfile=cert, keyfile=key, server_side=True)
except ssl.SSLError as error:
self.logger.exception('Failed to init SSL socket')
raise TelegramError(str(error))
else:
raise TelegramError('SSL Certificate invalid')
@staticmethod
def _gen_webhook_url(listen, port, url_path):
return 'https://{listen}:{port}{path}'.format(listen=listen, port=port, path=url_path)
def _bootstrap(self, max_retries, clean, webhook_url, allowed_updates, cert=None):
retries = 0
while 1:
try:
if clean:
# Disable webhook for cleaning
self.bot.delete_webhook()
self._clean_updates()
sleep(1)
self.bot.set_webhook(
url=webhook_url, certificate=cert, allowed_updates=allowed_updates)
except (Unauthorized, InvalidToken):
raise
except TelegramError:
msg = 'error in bootstrap phase; try={0} max_retries={1}'.format(retries,
max_retries)
if max_retries < 0 or retries < max_retries:
self.logger.warning(msg)
retries += 1
else:
self.logger.exception(msg)
raise
else:
break
sleep(1)
def _clean_updates(self):
self.logger.debug('Cleaning updates from Telegram server')
updates = self.bot.get_updates()
while updates:
updates = self.bot.get_updates(updates[-1].update_id + 1)
def stop(self):
"""Stops the polling/webhook thread, the dispatcher and the job queue."""
self.job_queue.stop()
with self.__lock:
if self.running or self.dispatcher.has_running_threads:
self.logger.debug('Stopping Updater and Dispatcher...')
self.running = False
self._stop_httpd()
self._stop_dispatcher()
self._join_threads()
# Stop the Request instance only if it was created by the Updater
if self._request:
self._request.stop()
def _stop_httpd(self):
if self.httpd:
self.logger.debug('Waiting for current webhook connection to be '
'closed... Send a Telegram message to the bot to exit '
'immediately.')
self.httpd.shutdown()
self.httpd = None
def _stop_dispatcher(self):
self.logger.debug('Requesting Dispatcher to stop...')
self.dispatcher.stop()
def _join_threads(self):
for thr in self.__threads:
self.logger.debug('Waiting for {0} thread to end'.format(thr.name))
thr.join()
self.logger.debug('{0} thread has ended'.format(thr.name))
self.__threads = []
def signal_handler(self, signum, frame):
self.is_idle = False
if self.running:
self.stop()
if self.user_sig_handler:
self.user_sig_handler(signum, frame)
else:
self.logger.warning('Exiting immediately!')
import os
os._exit(1)
def idle(self, stop_signals=(SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGABRT)):
"""Blocks until one of the signals are received and stops the updater.
Args:
stop_signals (:obj:`iterable`): Iterable containing signals from the signal module that
should be subscribed to. Updater.stop() will be called on receiving one of those
signals. Defaults to (``SIGINT``, ``SIGTERM``, ``SIGABRT``).
"""
for sig in stop_signals:
signal(sig, self.signal_handler)
self.is_idle = True
while self.is_idle:
sleep(1)
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