mirror of
https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt.git
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699 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
699 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
---
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weight: 1
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title: "主题文档 - 基本概念"
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subtitle: ""
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date: 2020-03-06T21:40:32+08:00
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lastmod: 2020-03-06T21:40:32+08:00
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draft: false
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author: "Dillon"
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authorLink: "https://dillonzq.com"
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description: "探索 Hugo - LoveIt 主题的全部内容和背后的核心概念."
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license: ""
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tags: ["安装", "配置"]
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categories: ["documentation"]
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hiddenFromHomePage: false
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featuredImage: "/images/theme-documentation-basics/featured-image.jpg"
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featuredImagePreview: ""
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toc: true
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autoCollapseToc: false
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math: false
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lightgallery: true
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linkToMarkdown: true
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share:
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enable: true
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comment: true
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---
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探索 Hugo - **LoveIt** 主题的全部内容和背后的核心概念.
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<!--more-->
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## 1 准备
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由于 Hugo 提供的便利性, [Hugo](https://gohugo.io/) 本身是这个主题唯一的依赖.
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直接安装满足你操作系统 (**Windows**, **Linux**, **macOS**) 的最新版本 [:(far fa-file-archive): Hugo (> 0.62.0)](https://gohugo.io/getting-started/installing/).
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{{< admonition note "为什么不支持早期版本的 Hugo?" >}}
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由于 [Markdown 渲染钩子函数](https://gohugo.io/getting-started/configuration-markup/#markdown-render-hooks) 在 [Hugo 圣诞节版本](https://gohugo.io/news/0.62.0-relnotes/) 中被引入, 本主题只支持高于 **0.62.0** 的 Hugo 版本.
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{{< /admonition >}}
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## 2 安装
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以下步骤可帮助你初始化新网站. 如果你根本不了解 Hugo, 我们强烈建议你按照此 [快速入门文档](https://gohugo.io/getting-started/quick-start/) 进一步了解它.
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### 2.1 创建你的项目
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Hugo 提供了一个 `new` 命令来创建一个新的网站:
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```bash
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hugo new site my_website
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cd my_website
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```
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### 2.2 安装主题
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**LoveIt** 主题的仓库是: [https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt](https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt).
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你可以下载主题的 [最新版本 :(far fa-file-archive): .zip 文件](https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt/releases) 并且解压放到 `themes` 目录.
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另外, 也可以直接把这个主题克隆到 `themes` 目录:
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```bash
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git clone -b master https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt.git themes/LoveIt
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```
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或者, 初始化你的项目目录为 git 仓库, 并且把主题仓库作为你的网站目录的子模块:
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```bash
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git init
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git submodule -b master add https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt.git themes/LoveIt
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```
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### 2.3 基础配置 {#basic-configuration}
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以下是 LoveIt 主题的基本配置:
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```toml
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baseURL = "http://example.org/"
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# [en, zh-cn, fr, ...] 设置默认的语言
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defaultContentLanguage = "zh-cn"
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# 网站语言, 仅在这里 CN 大写
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languageCode = "zh-CN"
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# 是否包括中日韩文字
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hasCJKLanguage = true
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# 网站标题
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title = "我的全新 Hugo 网站"
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# 更改使用 Hugo 构建网站时使用的默认主题
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theme = "LoveIt"
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[params]
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# LoveIt 主题版本
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version = "0.1.X"
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[menu]
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[[menu.main]]
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identifier = "posts"
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# 你可以在名称 (允许 HTML 格式) 之前添加其他信息, 例如图标
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pre = ""
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name = "文章"
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url = "/posts/"
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# 当你将鼠标悬停在此菜单链接上时, 将显示的标题
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title = ""
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weight = 1
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[[menu.main]]
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identifier = "tags"
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pre = ""
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name = "标签"
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url = "/tags/"
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title = ""
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weight = 2
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[[menu.main]]
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identifier = "categories"
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pre = ""
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name = "分类"
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url = "/categories/"
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title = ""
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weight = 3
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```
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{{< admonition >}}
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在构建网站时, 你可以使用 `--theme` 选项设置主题. 但是, 我建议你修改配置文件 (**config.toml**) 将本主题设置为默认主题.
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{{< /admonition >}}
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### 2.4 创建你的第一篇文章
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以下是创建第一篇文章的方法:
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```bash
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hugo new posts/first_post.md
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```
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通过添加一些示例内容并替换文件开头的标题, 你可以随意编辑文章.
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{{< admonition >}}
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默认情况下, 所有文章和页面均作为草稿创建. 如果想要渲染这些页面, 请从元数据中删除属性 `draft: true`, 或者设置属性 `draft: false`.
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{{< /admonition >}}
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### 2.5 在本地启动网站
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使用以下命令启动网站:
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```bash
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hugo serve
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```
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去查看 `http://localhost:1313`.
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{{< admonition tip >}}
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当你运行 `hugo serve` 时, 当文件内容更改时, 页面会随着更改自动刷新.
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{{< /admonition >}}
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### 2.6 构建网站
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当你准备好部署你的网站时, 运行以下命令:
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```bash
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hugo
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```
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会生成一个 `public` 目录, 其中包含你网站的所有静态内容和资源. 现在可以将其部署在任何 Web 服务器上.
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{{< admonition tip >}}
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网站内容可以通过 [Netlify](https://www.netlify.com/) 自动发布和托管 (了解有关[通过 Netlify 进行 HUGO 自动化部署](https://www.netlify.com/blog/2015/07/30/hosting-hugo-on-netlifyinsanely-fast-deploys/) 的更多信息).
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或者, 您可以使用 [AWS Amplify](https://gohugo.io/hosting-and-deployment/hosting-on-aws-amplify/), [Github pages](https://gohugo.io/hosting-and-deployment/hosting-on-github/), [Render](https://gohugo.io/hosting-and-deployment/hosting-on-render/) 以及更多...
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{{< /admonition >}}
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## 3 配置
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### 3.1 网站配置 {#site-configuration}
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除了 [Hugo 全局配置](https://gohugo.io/overview/configuration/) 和 [菜单配置](#basic-configuration) 之外, **LoveIt** 主题还允许您在网站配置中定义以下参数 (这是一个示例 `config.toml`, 其内容为默认值).
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{{< admonition >}}
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请注意, 本文档其他部分将详细解释其中一些参数.
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{{< /admonition >}}
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```toml
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[params]
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# LoveIt 主题版本
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version = "0.1.X"
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# 网站描述
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description = "这是我的全新 Hugo 网站"
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# 网站关键词
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keywords = ["Theme", "Hugo"]
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# 网站默认主题样式 ("light", "dark", "auto")
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defaultTheme = "auto"
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# 公共 git 仓库路径，仅在 enableGitInfo 设为 true 时有效
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gitRepo = ""
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# {{< version 0.1.1 >}}
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# 哪种哈希函数用来 SRI, 为空时表示不使用 SRI ("sha256", "sha384", "sha512", "md5")
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fingerprint = ""
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# 页面头部导航栏信息
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[params.header]
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# 桌面端导航栏模式 ("fixed", "normal", "auto")
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desktopMode = "fixed"
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# 移动端导航栏模式 ("fixed", "normal", "auto")
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mobileMode = "auto"
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# 页面底部版权信息设置
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[params.footer]
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# 网站创立年份
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since = 2019
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# ICP 备案信息，仅在中国使用 (允许使用 HTML 格式)
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icp = ""
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# 许可协议信息 (允许使用 HTML 格式)
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license= '<a rel="license external nofollow noopener noreffer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>'
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# 文章页面配置
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[params.home]
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# 主页信息设置
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[params.home.profile]
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enable = true
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# Gravatar 邮箱，用于优先在主页显示的头像
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gravatarEmail = ""
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# 主页显示头像的 URL
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avatarURL = "/images/avatar.png"
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# 主页显示的网站副标题
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subtitle = "这是我的全新 Hugo 网站"
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# 是否为副标题显示打字机动画
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typeit = true
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# 是否显示社交账号
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social = true
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# {{< version 0.2.0 >}}
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# 免责声明 (允许使用 HTML 格式)
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disclaimer = ""
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# 主页文章列表
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[params.home.posts]
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enable = true
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# 主页每页显示文章数量
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paginate = 6
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# 当你没有在文章前置参数中设置 "hiddenFromHomePage" 时的默认行为
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defaultHiddenFromHomePage = false
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# 主页的社交信息设置
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[params.social]
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GitHub = "xxxx"
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# Linkedin = "xxxx"
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# Twitter = "xxxx"
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# Instagram = "xxxx"
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Email = "xxxx@xxxx.com"
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# Facebook = "xxxx"
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# Telegram = "xxxx"
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# Medium = "xxxx"
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# Gitlab = "xxxx"
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# Youtubelegacy = "xxxx"
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# Youtubecustom = "xxxx"
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# Youtubechannel = "xxxx"
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# Tumblr ="xxxx"
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# Quora = "xxxx"
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# Keybase = "xxxx"
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# Pinterest = "xxxx"
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# Reddit = "xxxx"
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# Codepen = "xxxx"
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# FreeCodeCamp = "xxxx"
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# Bitbucket = "xxxx"
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# Stackoverflow = "xxxx"
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Weibo = "xxxx"
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# Odnoklassniki = "xxxx"
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# VK = "xxxx"
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# Flickr = "xxxx"
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# Xing = "xxxx"
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# Snapchat = "xxxx"
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# Soundcloud = "xxxx"
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# Spotify = "xxxx"
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# Bandcamp = "xxxx"
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# Paypal = "xxxx"
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# Fivehundredpx = "xxxx"
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# Mix = "xxxx"
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# Goodreads = "xxxx"
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# Lastfm = "xxxx"
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# Foursquare = "xxxx"
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# Hackernews = "xxxx"
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# Kickstarter = "xxxx"
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# Patreon = "xxxx"
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# Steam = "xxxx"
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# Twitch = "xxxx"
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# Strava = "xxxx"
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# Skype = "xxxx"
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# Whatsapp = "xxxx"
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Zhihu = "xxxx"
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Douban = "xxxx"
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# Angellist = "xxxx"
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# Slidershare = "xxxx"
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# Jsfiddle = "xxxx"
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# Deviantart = "xxxx"
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# Behance = "xxxx"
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# Dribble = "xxxx"
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# Wordpress = "xxxx"
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# Vine = "xxxx"
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# Googlescholar = "xxxx"
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# Researchgate = "xxxx"
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# Mastodon = "xxxx"
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# MastodonPrefix = "https://mastodon.technology/"
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# Thingiverse = "xxxx"
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# Devto = "xxxx"
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# Gitea = "xxxx"
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# XMPP = "xxxx"
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# Matrix = "xxxx"
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Bilibili = "xxxx"
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# 文章页面配置
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[params.page]
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# 是否在文章页面使用 lightgallery
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lightgallery = true
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# 是否在文章页面显示原始 Markdown 文档链接
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linkToMarkdown = true
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# 数学公式 (KaTeX https://katex.org/)
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[params.math]
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enable = true
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# 默认块定界符是 $$ ... $$ 和 \\[ ... \\]
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blockLeftDelimiter = ""
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blockRightDelimiter = ""
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# 默认内联定界符是 $ ... $ 和 \\( ... \\)
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inlineLeftDelimiter = ""
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inlineRightDelimiter = ""
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# KaTeX 插件 copy_tex
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copyTex = true
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# KaTeX 插件 mhchem
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mhchem = true
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# 文章页面的分享信息设置
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[params.share]
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enable = true
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Twitter = true
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Facebook = true
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# Linkedin = true
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# Whatsapp = true
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# Pinterest = true
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# Tumblr = true
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# HackerNews = true
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# Reddit = true
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# VK = true
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# Buffer = true
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# Xing = true
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# Line = true
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# Instapaper = true
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# Pocket = true
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# Digg = true
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# Stumbleupon = true
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# Flipboard = true
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Weibo = true
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# Renren = true
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# Myspace = true
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# Blogger = true
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# Baidu = true
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# Odnoklassniki = true
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Evernote = true
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# Skype = true
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# Trello = true
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# Mix = true
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# 评论系统设置
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[params.comment]
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enable = true
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# Disqus 评论系统设置 (https://disqus.com/)
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[params.comment.disqus]
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# {{< version 0.1.1 >}}
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enable = false
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# Disqus 的 shortname，用来在文章中启用 Disqus 评论系统
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shortname = ""
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# Gitalk 评论系统设置 (https://github.com/gitalk/gitalk)
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[params.comment.gitalk]
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# {{< version 0.1.1 >}}
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enable = false
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owner = ""
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repo = ""
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clientId = ""
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clientSecret = ""
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# Valine 评论系统设置 (https://github.com/xCss/Valine)
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[params.comment.valine]
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enable = false
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appId = ""
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appKey = ""
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placeholder = "Your comment ..."
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notify = false
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verify = true
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avatar = "mp"
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meta= ""
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pageSize = 10
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lang = "en"
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visitor = true
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recordIP = true
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# Facebook 评论系统设置 (https://developers.facebook.com/docs/plugins/comments)
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[params.comment.facebook]
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enable = false
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width = "100%"
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numPosts = 10
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appId = ""
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languageCode = "en_US"
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# 网站验证代码，用于 Google/Bing/Yandex/Pinterest/Baidu
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[params.verification]
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google = ""
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bing = ""
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yandex = ""
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pinterest = ""
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baidu = ""
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# 出版者信息，仅用于 SEO
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[params.publisher]
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name = "xxxx"
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[params.publisher.logo]
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url = "logo.png"
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width = 127
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height = 40
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# 网站 Logo 信息，仅用于 SEO
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[params.logo]
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url = "logo.png"
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width = 127
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height = 40
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# 网站图标信息，仅用于 SEO
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[params.image]
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url = "cover.png"
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width = 800
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height = 600
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# CSS 和 JS 文件的 CDN 设置
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[params.cdn]
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# fontawesome-free@5.12.1 https://fontawesome.com/
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fontawesomeFreeCSS = ''
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# animate.css@3.7.2 https://github.com/daneden/animate.css
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animateCSS = ''
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# smooth-scroll@16.1.2 https://github.com/cferdinandi/smooth-scroll
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smoothScrollJS = ''
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# sharer@0.4.0 https://github.com/ellisonleao/sharer.js
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sharerJS = ''
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# lazysizes@5.2.0 https://github.com/aFarkas/lazysizes
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lazysizesJS = ''
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# lightgallery@1.1.3 lg-thumbnail@1.1.0 lg-zoom@1.1.0 https://github.com/sachinchoolur/lightgallery.js
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lightgalleryCSS = ''
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lightgalleryJS = ''
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lightgalleryThumbnailJS = ''
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lightgalleryZoomJS = ''
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# typeit@6.5.1 https://github.com/alexmacarthur/typeit
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typeitJS = ''
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# katex@0.11.1 https://github.com/KaTeX/KaTeX
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katexCSS = ''
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katexJS = ''
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katexAutoRenderJS = ''
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katexCopyTexCSS = ''
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katexCopyTexJS = ''
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katexMhchemJS = ''
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# mermaid@8.4.8 https://github.com/knsv/mermaid
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mermaidJS = ''
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# aplayer@1.10.1 https://github.com/MoePlayer/APlayer
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aplayerCSS = ''
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aplayerJS = ''
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# meting@2.0.1 https://github.com/metowolf/MetingJS
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metingJS = ''
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# echarts@4.6.0 https://echarts.apache.org/
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echartsJS = ''
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echartsMacaronsJS = ''
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# gitalk@1.6.2 https://github.com/gitalk/gitalk
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gitalkCSS = ''
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gitalkJS = ''
|
||
# valine@1.3.10 https://valine.js.org/
|
||
valineJS = ''
|
||
|
||
# Hugo 解析文档的配置
|
||
[markup]
|
||
# 语法高亮设置 (https://gohugo.io/content-management/syntax-highlighting)
|
||
[markup.highlight]
|
||
codeFences = true
|
||
guessSyntax = true
|
||
lineNoStart = 1
|
||
lineNos = true
|
||
lineNumbersInTable = true
|
||
noClasses = false
|
||
style = "monokai"
|
||
tabWidth = 4
|
||
# Goldmark 是 Hugo 0.60 以来的默认 Markdown 解析库
|
||
[markup.goldmark]
|
||
[markup.goldmark.extensions]
|
||
definitionList = true
|
||
footnote = true
|
||
linkify = true
|
||
strikethrough = true
|
||
table = true
|
||
taskList = true
|
||
typographer = true
|
||
[markup.goldmark.renderer]
|
||
# 是否在文档中直接使用 HTML 标签
|
||
unsafe = true
|
||
# 目录设置
|
||
[markup.tableOfContents]
|
||
startLevel = 2
|
||
endLevel = 6
|
||
|
||
# 作者信息
|
||
[author]
|
||
name = "xxxx"
|
||
link = ""
|
||
|
||
# 网站地图信息
|
||
[sitemap]
|
||
changefreq = "weekly"
|
||
filename = "sitemap.xml"
|
||
priority = 0.5
|
||
|
||
# Permalinks 信息 (https://gohugo.io/content-management/urls/#permalinks)
|
||
[Permalinks]
|
||
# posts = ":year/:month/:filename"
|
||
posts = ":filename"
|
||
|
||
# 隐私信息设置 (https://gohugo.io/about/hugo-and-gdpr/)
|
||
[privacy]
|
||
[privacy.googleAnalytics]
|
||
anonymizeIP = true
|
||
|
||
[privacy.youtube]
|
||
privacyEnhanced = true
|
||
|
||
# 用于输出 Markdown 格式文档的设置
|
||
[mediaTypes]
|
||
[mediaTypes."text/plain"]
|
||
suffixes = ["md"]
|
||
|
||
# 用于输出 Markdown 格式文档的设置
|
||
[outputFormats.MarkDown]
|
||
mediaType = "text/plain"
|
||
isPlainText = true
|
||
isHTML = false
|
||
|
||
# 用于 Hugo 输出文档的设置
|
||
[outputs]
|
||
home = ["HTML", "RSS"]
|
||
page = ["HTML", "MarkDown"]
|
||
section = ["HTML", "RSS"]
|
||
taxonomy = ["HTML", "RSS"]
|
||
taxonomyTerm = ["HTML"]
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
### 3.2 网站图标, 浏览器配置, 网站清单
|
||
|
||
强烈建议你把:
|
||
|
||
* apple-touch-icon.png (180x180)
|
||
* favicon-32x32.png (32x32)
|
||
* favicon-16x16.png (16x16)
|
||
* mstile-150x150.png (150x150)
|
||
* android-chrome-192x192.png (192x192)
|
||
* android-chrome-512x512.png (512x512)
|
||
|
||
放在 `/static` 目录. 利用 [https://realfavicongenerator.net/](https://realfavicongenerator.net/) 可以很容易地生成这些文件.
|
||
|
||
可以自定义 `browserconfig.xml` 和 `site.webmanifest` 文件来设置 theme-color 和 background-color.
|
||
|
||
### 3.3 增加网站 logo 和封面用于 SEO 优化
|
||
|
||
在 `static` 目录增加一个 logo 图片 (127x40) 和一个封面图片 (800x600).
|
||
|
||
### 3.4 自定义样式
|
||
|
||
通过定义自定义 `.scss` 样式文件, **LoveIt** 主题支持可配置的样式.
|
||
|
||
包含自定义 `.scss` 样式文件的目录相对于 **你的项目根目录** 的路径为 `config/css`.
|
||
|
||
在 `config/css/_override.scss` 中, 你可以覆盖 `themes/LoveIt/assets/css/_variables.scss` 中的变量以自定义样式.
|
||
|
||
这是一个例子:
|
||
|
||
```scss
|
||
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fira+Mono:400,700&display=swap&subset=latin-ext');
|
||
$code-font-family: Fira Mono, Source Code Pro, Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, monospace;
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
在 `config/css/_custom.scss` 中, 你可以添加一些 CSS 样式代码以自定义样式.
|
||
|
||
## 4 多语言和 i18n
|
||
|
||
**LoveIt** 主题完全兼容 Hugo 的多语言模式.
|
||
|
||
支持:
|
||
|
||
* 多种语言的翻译字符串 (**英语**, **中文**和**法语**). **欢迎贡献!**
|
||
* 在浏览器内语言切换
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
### 4.1 基本配置
|
||
|
||
学习了 [Hugo如何处理多语言网站](https://gohugo.io/content-management/multilingual) 之后, 请在 [站点配置](#site-configuration) 中定义你的网站语言.
|
||
|
||
例如, 一个支持英语, 中文和法语的网站配置:
|
||
|
||
```toml
|
||
# [en, zh-cn, fr, ...] 设置默认的语言
|
||
defaultContentLanguage = "zh-cn"
|
||
|
||
[languages]
|
||
[languages.en]
|
||
weight = 1
|
||
title = "My New Hugo Site"
|
||
languageCode = "en"
|
||
languageName = "English"
|
||
[[languages.en.menu.main]]
|
||
identifier = "posts"
|
||
pre = ""
|
||
name = "Posts"
|
||
url = "/posts/"
|
||
title = ""
|
||
weight = 1
|
||
[[languages.en.menu.main]]
|
||
identifier = "tags"
|
||
pre = ""
|
||
name = "Tags"
|
||
url = "/tags/"
|
||
title = ""
|
||
weight = 2
|
||
[[languages.en.menu.main]]
|
||
identifier = "categories"
|
||
pre = ""
|
||
name = "Categories"
|
||
url = "/categories/"
|
||
title = ""
|
||
weight = 3
|
||
|
||
[languages.zh-cn]
|
||
weight = 2
|
||
title = "我的全新 Hugo 网站"
|
||
# 网站语言, 仅在这里 CN 大写
|
||
languageCode = "zh-CN"
|
||
languageName = "简体中文"
|
||
# 是否包括中日韩文字
|
||
hasCJKLanguage = true
|
||
[[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
|
||
identifier = "posts"
|
||
pre = ""
|
||
name = "文章"
|
||
url = "/posts/"
|
||
title = ""
|
||
weight = 1
|
||
[[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
|
||
identifier = "tags"
|
||
pre = ""
|
||
name = "标签"
|
||
url = "/tags/"
|
||
title = ""
|
||
weight = 2
|
||
[[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
|
||
identifier = "categories"
|
||
pre = ""
|
||
name = "分类"
|
||
url = "/categories/"
|
||
title = ""
|
||
weight = 3
|
||
|
||
[languages.fr]
|
||
weight = 3
|
||
title = "Mon nouveau site Hugo"
|
||
languageCode = "fr"
|
||
languageName = "Français"
|
||
[[languages.fr.menu.main]]
|
||
identifier = "posts"
|
||
pre = ""
|
||
name = "Postes"
|
||
url = "/posts/"
|
||
title = ""
|
||
weight = 1
|
||
[[languages.fr.menu.main]]
|
||
identifier = "tags"
|
||
pre = ""
|
||
name = "Balises"
|
||
url = "/tags/"
|
||
title = ""
|
||
weight = 2
|
||
[[languages.fr.menu.main]]
|
||
identifier = "categories"
|
||
name = "Catégories"
|
||
pre = ""
|
||
url = "/categories/"
|
||
title = ""
|
||
weight = 3
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
然后, 对于每个新页面, 将语言代码附加到文件名中.
|
||
|
||
单个文件 `my-page.md` 需要分为三个文件:
|
||
|
||
* 英语: `my-page.en.md`
|
||
* 中文: `my-page.zh-cn.md`
|
||
* 法语: `my-page.fr.md`
|
||
|
||
{{< admonition >}}
|
||
请注意, 菜单中仅显示翻译的页面. 它不会替换为默认语言内容.
|
||
{{< /admonition >}}
|
||
|
||
{{< admonition tip >}}
|
||
也可以使用 [文章前置参数](https://gohugo.io/content-management/multilingual/#translate-your-content) 来翻译网址.
|
||
{{< /admonition >}}
|
||
|
||
### 4.2 修改默认的翻译字符串
|
||
|
||
翻译字符串用于在主题中使用的常见默认值.
|
||
目前提供**英语**, **中文**和**法语**翻译, 但你可能自定义其他语言或覆盖默认值.
|
||
|
||
要覆盖默认值, 请在项目的 i18n 目录 `i18n/<languageCode>.toml` 中创建一个新文件，并从 `themes/LoveIt/i18n/en.toml` 中获得提示.
|
||
|
||
另外, 由于你的翻译可能会帮助到其他人, 请花点时间通过 [创建一个 PR](https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt/pulls) 来贡献主题翻译, 谢谢!
|